This chapter provides a brief description of Papua New Guinea, its past and present climate as well as projections for the future. The climate observation network and the availability of atmospheric and oceanic data records are outlined. The annual mean climate, seasonal cycles and the influences of large-scale climate features such as the West Pacific Monsoon and patterns of climate variability (e.g. the El Niño‑Southern Oscillation) are analysed and discussed.
UNDP has been working during the last decade to support countries to transition to green, inclusive, climate-resilient development paths. More than US$790 million in grant financing from the Global Environment Facility-managed Least Developed Countries Fund and the Special Climate Change Fund, as well as the Kyoto Protocol’s Adaptation Fund and bilateral finance, have been mobilized to assist countries to achieve their adaptation
priorities. These resources build on and complement over US$2.5 billion in co-financing that has also been invested.
Climate change and Marine
Climate change and migration
Papua New Guinea has large tracts of intact mangrove forest with a high species diversity extending over many thousands of shore kilometers and, in many regions, penetrating quite deeply inland.
Mangrove ecosystem is very useful and critical to PNG coastal communities. Its uses ranges from carbon sequestration, buffers coastlines against storm surges and sea level rise, breeding ground for fisheries, building, firewood, medicinal purposes to name a few.
The 2020 State of Environment Report is the first for Papua New Guinea.